M. Lachmann, M. E. J. Newman, and C. Moore. The physical limits of communication, Working paper 99–07–054, Santa Fe Institute 2000.

I. N. Stewart. Uninhabitable zone, Nature 524 (2015) 26.

P. S. Behroozi and M. Peeples. On the history and future of cosmic planet formation, Mon. Not. RAS (2015); arXiv: 1508.01202.

D. Sasselov and D. Valencia. Planets we could call home, Scientific American 303 (August 2010) 38–45.

S. A. Benner, A. Ricardo, and M. A. Carrigan. Is there a common chemical model for life in the universe? Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 8 (2004) 676–680.

J. Stevenson, J. Lunine, and P. Clancy. Membrane alternatives in worlds without oxygen: Creation of an azotosome, Science Advances 1 (2015) e1400067.

J. Cohen and I. Stewart. Evolving the Alien, Ebury Press, London, 2002.

W. Bains. Many chemistries could be used to build living systems, Astrobiology 4 (2004) 137–167.

J. von Neumann. Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, 1966.

14. Темные звезды

R. Penrose. Conformal treatment of infinity, in Relativity, Groups and Topology (ed. C. de Witt and B. de Witt), Gordon and Breach, New York, 1964, pp. 563–584; Gen. Rel. Grav. 43 (2011) 901–922.

Animations of what it would look like when passing through these wormholes can be found at https://jila.colorado.edu/~ajsh/insidebh/penrose.html

B. L. Webster and P. Murdin. Cygnus X-1 — a spectroscopic binary with a heavy companion? Nature 235 (1972) 37–38. H. L. Shipman, Z. Yu, and Y. W. Du. The implausible history of triple star models for Cygnus X-1: Evidence for a black hole, Astrophys. Lett. 16 (1975) 9–12.

P. Mazur and E. Mottola. Gravitational condensate stars: An alternative to black holes, arXiv: gr-qc/0109035 (2001).

15. Клубки и войды

Colin Stuart. When worlds collide, New Scientist (24 October 2015) 30–33.

N. J. Cornish, D. N. Spergel, and G. D. Starkman. Circles in the sky: finding topology with the microwave background radiation, Classical and Quantum Gravity 15 (1998) 2657–2670. J. R. Weeks. Reconstructing the global topology of the universe from the cosmic microwave background, Classical and Quantum Gravity 15 (1998) 2599–2604.

16. Космическое яйцо

Planck collaboration (numerous authors). Planck 2013 results XVI: Cosmological parameters, Astron. & Astrophys. 571 (2014); arXiv:1303.5076.

M. Alcubierre. The warp drive: hyper-fast travel within general relativity, Classical and Quantum Gravity 11 (1994). L73–L77. S. Krasnikov. The quantum inequalities do not forbid spacetime shortcuts, Phys. Rev. D 67 (2003) 104013.

17. Большое раздувание

D. J. Fixsen. The temperature of the cosmic microwave background, Astrophys. J. 707 (2009) 916–920. Другие цифры, упомянутые в тексте, являются историческими оценками, теперь устаревшими.

Terry Pratchett, Ian Stewart, and Jack Cohen. The Science of Discworld IV: Judgement Day, Ebury, London, 2013.

Penrose’s work is reported in: Paul Davies. The Mind of God, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1992.

G. F. R. Ellis. Patchy solutions, Nature 452 (2008) 158–161. G. F. R. Ellis. The universe seen at different scales, Phys. Lett. A 347 (2005) 38–46.

T. Buchert. Dark energy from structure: a status report, T. Gen. Rel. Grav. 40 (2008) 467–527.

J. Smoller and B.