W. Eberhard, "Evolutionary Consequences of Intracellular Organelle Competition," Quarterly Review of Biology 55 (1980): 231; J. Agren & S. Wright, «Co-evolution between Transposable Elements and Their Hosts: A Major Factor in Genome Size,» Chromosome Research 19 (2011): 777. Эгоистичные митохондрии: J. Havird, «Selfish Mitonuclear Conflict,» Current Biology 29 (2019): PR496.

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Шимпанзе: F. de Waal, Chimpanzee Politics (Allen & Unwin, 1982). Крапивники: R. Mulder & N. Langmore, «Dominant Males Punish Helpers for Temporary Defection in Superb Fairy-Wrens,» Animal Behavior 45 (1993): 830. Голые землекопы: H. Reeve, «Queen Activation of Lazy Workers in Colonies of the Eusocial Naked Mole-Rat,» Nature 358 (1992): 147. Рифовые рыбы и губаны: R. Bshary & A. Grutter, «Punishment and Partner Switching Cause Cooperative Behaviour in a Cleaning Mutualism,» Biology Letters 1 (2005): 396. Социальные бактерии: Foster et al., «Pleiotropy as a Mechanism to Stability Cooperation.» Гегемония транспозонов: E. Kelleher, D. Barbash & J. Blumenstiel, «Taming the Turmoil Within: New Insights on the Containment of Transposable Elements,» Trends in Genetics 36 (2020): 474; J. Agren, N. Davies & K. Foster, «Enforcement Is Central to the Evolution of Cooperation,» Nature Ecology and Evolution 3 (2019): 1018. Эгоистичные транспозоны: E. Kelleher, "Reexamining the P-Element Invasion of Drosophila melanogaster through the Lens of piRNA Silencing," Genetics 203 (2016): 1513.

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R. Boyd, H. Gintis & S. Bowles, «Coordinated Punishment of Defectors Sustains Cooperation and Can Proliferate When Rare,» Science 328 (2010): 617.

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R. Axelrod & W. D. Hamilton, «The Evolution of Cooperation,» Science 211 (1981): 1390. См. также: J. Henrich & M. Muthukrishna, «The Origins and Psychology of Human Cooperation,» Annual Review of Psychology 72 (2021): 207. Бо́льшая часть литературы по теории игр исходит из социального равенства игроков. Анализ процессов, которые сводят сотрудничество на нет, когда в игру вступают неравные, см.: O. Hauser et al., «Social Dilemmas among Unequals,» Nature 572 (2019): 524.

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G. Aydogan et al., «Oxytocin Promotes Altruistic Punishment,» Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 12 (2017): 1740; T. Yamagishi et al., «Behavioural Differences and Neural Substrates of Altruistic and Spiteful Punishment,» Science Reports 7 (2017): 14654; T. Baumgartner et al., «Who Initiates Punishment, Who Joins Punishment? Disentangling Types of Third-Party Punishers by Neural Traits,» Human Brain Mapping 42 (2021): 5703; O. Klimeck, P. Vuilleumier & D. Sander, «The Impact of Emotions and Empathy-Related Traits on Punishment Behavior: Introduction and Validation of the Inequality Game,» PLoS One 11 (2016): e0151028.

Альтруистическое наказание у детей: Y. Kanakogi et al., "Third-Party Punishment by Preverbal Infants," Nature Human Behaviour 6 (2022): 1234; G. D. Salali, M. Juda & J. Henrich, «Transmission and Development of Costly Punishment in Children,» Evolution and Human Behavior 36, no. 2 (2015): 86–94.

Только у людей: K. Riedl et al., "No Third-Party Punishment in Chimpanzees," PNAS 109, no. 37 (2012): 14824–29.

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B. Herrmann, C. Thoni & S. Gachter, «Antisocial Punishment across Societies,» Science 319 (2008): 1362; J. Henrich & N. Henrich, «Fairness without Punishment: Behavioral Experiments in the Yasawa Island, Fiji,» in Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective, ed.